Textile Farm

Classification of Fibers

Classification of Fibers.Textile Farm

Types of Fibers

                              The term man mande or manufactured fibers means any fiber derived by a proeces of manufacture from any substances which any point manufacturing process is not a fiber.

Natural fibers are replaced by man-made fibers due to following reason:

1.The strebght of man-made fibers is greadter then natutral.

2.The production of natural depends upon natural condition.But the properties of man-made do not depend on natural.

3.Man-made fiber processing is easdy then nutral fiber.

4.The properties of Mad-made i.e dtrength,appeRnce,action of acids,elasticity etc can be changed but not oncase of natural.

5.Man-made fiber is cheaper then nutural.

6.Flodds,droughs,natual calamity has on effect on man made fiber.

Forms of Man-Made fiber:

Man Made fiber are produced in three types-

1.Filament

2. Staple .

3.Filament tow

1.Filament:Fukanebt fibers are spukn fron spinnerets with 350 holes or less is determined by size of the yarn to be made.The number of holes in the spinneret determines the no of filaments is the yarn filaments are of two types:        

                         1.Mono filament

                         2.Multi filament.

Monofilament:

                      This filament is made only of a single filament.

Multifilament:

                These filaments are made of more then one filament.

2. Staple fibers:

                   Staple fiber is of limited and relatively short length.Staple fiber are made from filaments which are spun from large spinnerets with as many as 3000 holes.The length of the staoke fiber the staple fiber depends on its use.Staple fiber is a unit of natter which is usually at least 100 times longer then its thick. 

3.Filament Tow:

                  The product of 100 or mire spinnerets is collected inti a large rope of fibers called Tow. This rope of tow is crimped and then made into staple by cutting of breaking.

  

 Wasging Chemicals ll TYPES OF CHEMICAL USE IN WASHING PLANT.


–Enzyme
–Detergent

WASHING PLANT.Textile fram

–Acetic Acid
–Antistain
–Bleaching powder
–Sodium hyposulfite
–Caustic Soda
–Soda Ash
–Sodium Bicarbonate
–Potassium permanganate
–Cationic / nonionic Flax softener
–Micro Emulsion Silicon
–Salt (sodium chloride)
–Buffer
–Hydrogen peroxide
–Stabilizer
–Fixing agent
–Catanizer
–Optical Brightener
–Resin
–Sodium Metabisulphite
–Desizing agent
ENZYME:
                        The action of enzyme during enzyme wash it hydrolysis the cellulose.At first it attacks the hydrolyzed and having projecting fibers them.
Then it attacks the party hydrolyzed the yarn portion and  yarn portion inside fabric  .As a result faded affect is produced  and color comes out from the yarn portion.
DETERGENT: Chemical character is fatty alcohol poly glycolic ether in an aqueous, glycolic solution. Detergent is widely applicable in the continuous and discontinuous pretreatment of all types of fiber and their blends. To remove impurities, mineral oil contamination and sizes from the garments.
ACETIC ACID (CH3COOH):
                                                           Acetic Acid is used to neutralize the garments fromcontrol the pH value in wash bath  and to alkaline condition.
ANTISTAIN:
                           Antistainis used to prevent the staining on weft yarn of the denim (white yarn), white pockets of garment, levels, and contachedfabrics of garment and increased the brightness of fabrics; it is also acts as anticreasingagent.
BLEACHING POWDER:
                                                   Bleaching powder is an oxidizing agent. It is used in washing plant for color out from the denim garments. We can achieve deferent shade of color on garment i.e. Dark, Medium, Light shade.
SODIUM HYPOSULPHITE:
 the garments from chlorine bleach Sodium hyposulphite is used to neutralize..
CAUSTIC SODA:
Caustic created the role in bleach technique with out colour change the garment and has a good cleaning power. It is work as fadding affect/old looking affect come rapidly on garments.
SODA ASH:
                         Soda ash for the breakdown of pigment dye  creates alkaline medium..It has a help colour fadding affect of garment and cleaning power. Soda ash bleaching action on bleach bath help to uniform . It is used also for dye bath in  colour fixing ..
SODIUM BICARBONATE:
washing plant in the bleach bath with bleaching powder for Denim Light shade because easily colour out with in shot time used in  Sodium bicarbonate.
As a result  costing is low and production increase .
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE:

POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE.Textile Fram

                                                                       Potassium permanganate is used in Punic stone for colour out from the garments with Acid wash .It is used also spray chamber by nozzle for colour out (whitish affect) from the garments. It very  powerful .An also use  in acd.
LAX SOFTENER (Cationic, non ionic):
                                                                                      Softener is used to make the garments also provides excellent lubricating properties and soft  and treated textiles a surface feel that is both sickly .
MICRO EMULSION SILICON:
                                                               Amino Silicon is a textile finishing agent consisting mainly of amino modified silicon.When applied on fabrics, lubricity. improving wear and easy care properties,
sewn more easily allows and  tear resistance and fabric to be cut elastic handle, antipilling,dimensional stability, it gives durable softness.SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT):
It helps to  the fiber exhaust dye in
BUFFER :
                      Buffer is used in washing plant for pH control of enzyme bath, softener bath, desizingbath.
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE:
the prime role in bleach wash technique Hydrogen peroxide creates .gives some perhydroxhylion and  In alkaline medium, hydrogen peroxide breaks up.
bleaching bath for white/ready for dyeing of gray fabric garments which discolourthe colouringmaterials and as a result faddingaffect is developed. Hydrogen peroxide is used in scouring,
It is used also neutralized the garment from alkaline condition.
STABILIZER:
                            Hydrogen peroxide is work a good condition at temperature above 90°c, when temperature raise to 90°c then break the Hydrogen peroxide. Stabilizer is used to protect break the hydrogen peroxide and peroxide works in bath smoothly.
FIXING AGENT:
                                   Fixing agent is used for unfixed dye to fix on fabrics,rubbing fastness will be increased & fixing then colour fastness when fabric colour will be proper.
CATANIZER:
                            Pigment is colour not dyestuff.pigment exhaust method processing Catanizer is in  used.Pigment colours have no affinity to fabric when catanizer is used in fabric then increase the affinity between pigment  fabrics& colour ..
OPTICAL BRIGHTNESS:
                                                    Three types of optical brightener are used in the washing plant –a)Blue brightener b)  Red brightener c) whitish brightener.  Mainly optical brightener is used for improve the brightness of garments.
SODIUM METABISULPHITE:
                                                                It  is used in the washing plant to neutralized the garment from potassium permanganate Sodium metabisulphite..
DESIZING AGENT:
                                         Desizing agent is used to remove cmc, waxes,mainly starches,fats pectin’s, minerals, & canvas fabrics,twills, poplin,unfixed indigo dye from denimetc etc.

Textile friber: